Computed

Laguna XS 2.1 on a GeForce RTX 5090

Yes, quantized. Q6_K is the largest that fits, leaving room for 60k tokens of context.

Change the numbers →Laguna XS 2.1 on every card GeForce RTX 5090 across every model

Verdict

Q6_K

29.4 GiB usable of 32 GB

Weights (Q4_K_M)

19.1 GiB

62.3 GiB at FP16 · 33.4B params · 6 of 6 quant rows are measured files

KV cache

160.0 KiB per token at FP16

40 layers × 8 KV heads × 128 dimensions

Speed ceiling

678 tok/s

1792 GB/s ÷ bytes read per token

Every quant, against this card

Weight bytes are the size of the real published file wherever one exists — 6 of these6 rows are measured from bartowski/Laguna-XS-2.1-GGUF, the rest computed from the parameter count. Max context is what the KV cache can grow to in whatever memory the weights leave behind, capped at the 256k tokens this model was trained to address.

Bars are the weight bytes at each precision; the dashed line is the usable memory of a GeForce RTX 5090. Drawn from the computed byte counts, not sketched.

Precision	Bits/weight	Weights	Source	Fits	Max context	Ceiling
FP16 / BF16	16.00	62.3 GiB	measured file	−32.9 GiB	—	27.7 tok/s offloaded
Q8_0	8.52	33.2 GiB	measured file	−3.7 GiB	—	108.5 tok/s offloaded
Q6_K	6.95	27.0 GiB	measured file	yes	61,308	678 tok/s
Q5_K_M	5.74	22.4 GiB	measured file	yes	184,155	795 tok/s
Q4_K_M	4.92	19.1 GiB	measured file	yes	262,144 (model cap)	902 tok/s
Q3_K_M	3.73	14.5 GiB	measured file	yes	262,144 (model cap)	1119 tok/s

What the context actually costs

The KV cache is 2 · layers · kv_heads · head_dim bytes per token per element — 2 · 40 · 8 · 128 · 2 B = 160.0 KiB. It depends on the key/value head count, not the attention-head count and not the parameter count. This model shares 8 KV heads across 48 query heads, which divides the cache by 6 against multi-head attention.

Sliding-window attention. 30 of this model's 40 layers attend to a 512-token window and stop growing there; only the remaining 10 keep scaling with context. That is why the cache figures below flatten out — and why a calculator that ignores the layer pattern over-states this model's long-context footprint several times over.

Context	KV cache (FP16)	KV cache (8-bit)	Plus Q4_K_M weights
4,096	220 MiB	110 MiB	19.4 GiB
8,192	380 MiB	190 MiB	19.5 GiB
32,768	1.3 GiB	670 MiB	20.4 GiB
131,072	5.1 GiB	2.5 GiB	24.2 GiB

The speed ceiling, and where it comes from

Generating one token reads every active weight from memory once. At Q6_K that is 2.1 GiB — only 8% of the checkpoint, because this is a mixture of experts and each token is routed to 8 of 256, plus a pass over the KV cache. A GeForce RTX 5090 moves 1792 GB/s (512-bit × 28 Gbps), so the arithmetic ceiling is 678 tok/s. Treat it as a bound, not an estimate: attention overhead, kernel launches and imperfect memory access keep real runtimes at roughly 60–80% of it, and nothing pushes past it.

Where these numbers come from

The model

Parameters: 33,442,617,088
Layers: 40
Attention / KV heads: 48 / 8
Head dimension: 128
Trained context: 262,144
Checkpoint as published: 62.3 GiB

Read from poolside/Laguna-XS-2.1. The parameter count is the Hub's own total over the tensor shapes, not a figure taken from the model's name.

The accelerator

Memory: 32 GB GDDR7
Bandwidth: 1792 GB/s
Bus: 512-bit × 28 Gbps
Assumed usable: 92% → 29.4 GiB

Capacity and bandwidth from the vendor's specification. The bandwidth figure is checked against the bus width and data rate it derives from. The usable fraction is an assumption, not a spec: a driver context, compute workspace and any attached display come out of the same pool before a weight is loaded.

Questions this pairing answers

How much VRAM does Laguna XS 2.1 need?

62.3 GiB for the weights at FP16 — 33.4B parameters at two bytes each — and 19.1 GiB at Q4_K_M. The KV cache is on top of that and is not a fixed number: this model spends 160.0 KiB per token of context on its full-attention layers, so 8,192 tokens costs a further 380 MiB. A GeForce RTX 5090 makes 29.4 GiB of its 32 GB available on the assumption below.

Can a GeForce RTX 5090 run Laguna XS 2.1?

Yes, quantized. Q6_K is the largest that fits, leaving room for 60k tokens of context. That is the weights and the KV cache together, against 29.4 GiB of usable memory.

How fast will Laguna XS 2.1 run on a GeForce RTX 5090?

No faster than 678 tokens/second at Q6_K, and in practice below it. Decoding is memory-bound: every token reads the 8% of weights this MoE routes to 2.1 GiB of weights plus the cache, and this card moves 1792 GB/s. That division is the ceiling — no kernel, runtime or driver beats it, and a real runtime typically reaches 60–80% of it.

Why does the context length change how much memory Laguna XS 2.1 needs?

Because the KV cache holds one key and one value vector per token, per layer, for the whole conversation, and it is allocated separately from the weights. This model has 40 layers and 8 key/value heads of 128 dimensions, shared across 48 query heads — grouped-query attention, which divides the cache by 6. That works out at 160.0 KiB per token, except that 30 of the 40 layers use a 512-token sliding window and stop growing there. Parameter count tells you nothing about this number.

The same model on a different card

A different model on the same card

All 62 models on GeForce RTX 5090 →

Method and limits. Weight bytes are the byte size of the real published file wherever one exists, and the model's exact parameter count times the published llama.cpp bits-per-weight where it does not. That distinction is on every row above and it matters at both ends: a sub-1B model's Q4_K_M file runs a third larger than the nominal figure because k-quants keep its embedding tables at higher precision, and an already-4-bit release cannot be quantized upward at all. The KV cache is 2 · layers · kv_heads · head_dim · bytes per token, summed over layers with each sliding-window layer capped at its window. The speed figure is a roofline bound, not a benchmark: bandwidth divided by bytes read per token, which no runtime exceeds and every runtime falls short of. The usable fraction of card memory is an assumption: 92% here, which is what this lane assumes for a dedicated card — the other class assumes 75%, so it is not one number applied to every device. That is the only assumed input on this page; every other figure is computed from the model config and the card's published specification. Nothing on this page is written by a language model. Architecture from the model's published config, fetched 2026-08-07.